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Lesson 2. УРОК ВТОРОЙ

The articulation of the Russian [л] differs from that of the English [l ] in the following: the tip of the tongue is pressed not against the teethridge, but against the back of the upper incisors.

Pronounce the syllables. The sounds [т], [д], [н], [к], [г], [о], [у] help you to pronounce the consonant [л] hard.

та - да - на - ла            кла         лка            о - ло - оло

то - до - но - ло            кло         лко            у - лу - улу

ту - ду - ну - лу            клу         лку

ты - ды - ны - лы            клы         лкы

тэ - дэ - нэ - лэ

Ex. 1. Read these syllables and words.

                   ,  
ла - ла - ла      лампа       a lamp

                       ,   
лэ - лэ - лэ      молоко      a milk

                    ,   
ло - ло - ло      слово       a word

лу - лу - лу      класс       a classroom

лы - лы - лы

ал - ал - ал      зал         a hall

ол - ол - ол      стол        a table

ул - ул - ул      стул        a chair

ыл - ыл - ыл

эл - эл - эл

Ex. 2. Read the sentences paying attention to the intonation.

      1       1            1       1
Это стол. И это стол. Это зал. И это зал.

      1      1             1         1
Это стул. И это стул. Это лампа. И это лампа.

The Plural of Nouns

The plural form of the masculine and feminine nouns is formed by the ending -ы

 мост + Ы = мосты комнат (- а ) + Ы = ко́мнаты

final consonant of the stem is hard

Ex. 3. Read the words paying attention to the pronunciation of the sound [ы].

         ,                            ,        ,
сад - сады    garden (s.,pl.)    стакан - стаканы      glass (s., pl.)

           ,                       ,         ,
зонт - зонты                      комната - комнаты     room (s., pl.)

           ,                       ,       , 
мост - мосты                      буква - буквы         letter (s., pl.)

           ,                       ,       ,
стол - столы                      лампа - лампы

The Second Intonational Construction (ИК-2)

 ИК-2 is vividly seen while expressing a question in the interrogative sentences with an interrogative word (for example: “КТО” (who), “КОГДА” (when):

Pay attention to the intonational scheme of the sentence with an interrogative word. The pre-stressed part is pronounced on the usual pitch. In contrast to ИК-1 the stressed part is pronounced with a stronger word stress which is marked in the scheme by a small square. The post-stressed part is pronounced on the lower pitch than the usual one as in ИК-1.

                         
Кто тут? Who is here? Кто дома? Who is at home?

Ex. 4. Pay attention to the intonational schemes. The center of the intonational construction is defined by the situation and depending on the situation can move. The changing of the center of ИК-1, ИК-2 makes the meaning of the sentence more exact: 

2
Кто дома? and

      2
Кто дома? 

In the interrogative sentence the word КТО is predicate of a question, i.e. it exspresses the question designing what is being asked about. The answer to the question can be short or full. If the full answer is given the center will be always on the word Алла. The intonational center of an answer depends on the interrogative word of a question “кто”:

2 1 Кто тут? Тут Алла. 2 1 Кто дома? Алла дома. 2 1 Кто это? Это Алла.

Ex. 5. Make up the sentences as in the model of the Ex.4 using these words:

Анна, Иван, Антон, мама, папа, сын, там, тут, это, дома, кто.

Ex. 6. Read the dialogues. Pay attention to the intonational center of ИК-2.

   (2)       2
- Как Вас зовут?                 What is your name?

  1                 2
- Алла. А как Вас зовут?

    1
- Макс.

 The center of ИК-2 is the question was changed but the predicate of the question (what is being asked about) remained: this is the word КАК. If you address different people with this question you will change the center of ИК-2 in every new question. You can ask:

      2                1
1) - Как Вас зовут? - Алла.

            2    
2) - Как Вас зовут? - Алла.

                  2
3) - Как Вас зовут? - Алла.

The answer to all these different questions will be the same “Алла”.

 Ex. 7. Read these sentences. Pay attention to the intonation.

         1        1      1              1      1            1
         ,                ,              ,                   ,
Это Москва. Это дом. Это комната. Тут окно. Это сад. Там кусты.

      1          1          1       1              1            1
                  ,          ,                      ,
Вот стол. Это стакан. Это вода. Это сок. А это молоко (milk). Вот суп.

 Remember

Homework

1. Write in plural form:

мост, стол, лампа, зал.

 2. Write the gender of nouns:

слово, стол, Волга, лампа, класс, Москва, Макс, молоко.

 3. Write the Russian names.

 4. Transcribe:

это, класс, слово, окно.

 5. Translate into Russian:

Who is this? This is Alla. She is at home.
Who is this? This is Max. He is at home.

 6. Look at the picture (ex. 6) and write the sentences.

 7. Cross out superfluous letters to read the words hidden here:

б а л в к о м н а т а д н
у в о л г а а н ы д м ы а
д м о л о к о з с г ы в б

8. Write the new words in alphabetical order in the special notebook.

 The Hard Consonant л [л]

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