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The adverbal participle conveys an additional action and corresponds to the English active participle of the gerund.
Они шли, разговаривая. (Они шли и разговаривали.) They walked along talking Like the adverb, the adverbal participle is an unchangeable verbal form.

Derivation of Verbal Adverbs

Imperfective the suffixes –я and –а (они) читают—читая (они) слышат—слыша (они) занимаются—занимаясь

Perfective the suffixes –в and -вши- прочитать—прочитав услышать—услышав заняться—занявшись

Note.— Imperfective verbal adverbs are derived  from the present tense stem by means of the suffix –я or –а (after ж, ш, ч or щ).    The imperfective verbal adverbs of verbs with the stem да-, ста- or зна- are derived from the infinitive stem: давать—давая, вставать—вставая, etc.    No imperfective verbal adverbs of verbs, which follow the conjugation pattern of писать can be derived.

Note.— Perfective verиal adverbs are derived from the   infinitive stem by means of the suffix –в or –вши.    The perfective verbal adverbs of verbs with the infinitive in –зти (-зть) or –сти (-сть) and verbs which follow the conjugation pattern of идти are derived by means of the suffix –я: принести—принеся, прийти—придя, etc.    The perfective verbal adverbs of reflexive verbs are derived  by means of the suffix –вши: вернуться— вернувшись.

Vebal Adverb Constructions

Sentences with verbal adverb constructions can be replaced with complex sentences: Кончив работу, я позвонил товарищу. Когда я кончил работу, я позвонил товарищу.

Sequence of Actions

Он читал, лежа на диване. Прочитав книгу, он поставил её на полку.

The actions occur simultaneously. One action precedes the other.

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